CINAHL provided the majority of relevant articles for the second search, on computers and privacy, but inclusion of MEDLINE and EMBASE enhanced retrieval somewhat. Our earlier research had resulted in 206 systematic reviews published between 2014 and July 2016, in which the first author was affiliated with Erasmus MC [21]. using CINAHL alone. The database combinations with the highest recall did not reduce the total number of results by large margins. HR;QBYVCU-7;-7O?zIo =IBK OH)k11H?3xQao7~Z| Depending on the goal of the search, different measures may be optimized. Terms and Conditions, We selected the domain from a pre-defined set of broad domains, including therapy, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. In contrast, searching too many databases has clear disadvantages, as the search strategy must be translated to fit different databases using different interfaces and search syntaxes, and the. Rice DB, Kloda LA, Levis B, Qi B, Kingsland E, Thombs BD. Based on the record numbers of the search results in EndNote, we determined from which database these references came. 4 0 obj 2017. doi:10.1002/jrsm.1279. Of the five reviews that included only RCTs, four reached 100% recall if MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar combined were complemented with Cochrane CENTRAL. When the number of references from other databases was low, we expected the total number of potential relevant references to be low. Starting with the most recent articles, we determined the databases searched either from the abstract or from the full text until we had data for 200 reviews. However, the wide range of scope, topic, and criteria between systematic reviews and their related review types make it very hard to answer this question. The SMART Imagebase is a unique, educational resource for students, educators, library patrons, and professionals in healthcare and news media. Nursing: Indexes & Databases. (DOCX 19kb). McGowan J, Sampson M. Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. 2015;68:107684. Also, while the Scopus and Web of Science assumptions we made might be true for coverage, they are likely very different when looking at recall, as Scopus does not allow the use of the full features of a thesaurus. ERIC for example serves as the most comprehensive source of information containing more than 500,000 documents and journal articles from all areas of education. The search on substance abuse in pregnancy, not restricted to nursing literature, retrieved better results when searching both MEDLINE and EMBASE. Reviews included in the research. PubMed does not. Rathbone J, Carter M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev. Syst Rev. There is an overlap in the journals indexed by these two databases. Springer Nature. PubMed was used to identify systematic reviews published using our search strategy results. 2015;10:5068. However, the combination with Google Scholar had a higher precision and higher median recall, a higher minimum recall, and a higher proportion of reviews that retrieved all included references. Future research should continue to investigate recall of actual searches beyond coverage of databases and should consider focusing on the most optimal database combinations, not on single databases. For CINAHL and PsycINFO, in one case each, unique relevant references were found. Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: a prospective exploratory study, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Of those, 15 could not be included in this research, since they had not searched all databases we investigated here. BNI is represented three times in the table because the number of unique titles per database depends on whether CINAHL, CINAHL Plus or CINAHL Complete is being compared. The databases avail-able include the Cochrane Collaboration, Medline (in various forms such as PubMed), Best Evidence10and Embase.The most widely used and most often recom-mended database isMedline. Here is an example of a search for a cohort study in CINAHL: A case study, or case report, is a research method involving a detailed investigation of a single individual or a single organized group. Halladay CW, Trikalinos TA, Schmid IT, Schmid CH, Dahabreh IJ. Complement Ther Med. 2008;14:4014. Article We see that reviewers rarely use Web of Science and especially Google Scholar in their searches, though they retrieve a great deal of unique references in our reviews. 2 - CRzB:x{m9*eZvs@~&AWSiwY5a%Ofn(ehsVvu-O#Y+(t &c-SvTtFg *@WsWTy._,i@R(ay>EK4J=z}8S6(Cw viV%Q%bs-&{ Searching only Embase produced an NNR of 57 on average, whereas, for the optimal combination of four databases, the NNR was 73. In addition to journal articles, CINAHL includes books, book chapters, dissertations, and computer programs. Aagaard T, Lund H, Juhl C. Optimizing literature search in systematic reviewsare MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL enough for identifying effect studies within the area of musculoskeletal disorders? NOTE There are many limiters that we haven't covered. However, for one review of this domain, the recall was 82%. Bramer, W.M., Rethlefsen, M.L., Kleijnen, J. et al. Privacy is uptodate category 1 cme for physician assistants; pros and cons of cinahl database Meta. Are included references being missed because the review authors failed to search a certain database? National Library of Medicine These results may not be generalizable to other studies for other reasons. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R 10 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> These are mostly unique PubMed references, which are not assigned MeSH terms, and are often freely available via PubMed Central. WB has received travel allowance from Embase for giving a presentation at a conference. It covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care sheets, CEU modules and research instruments. T4: ieJ{rL;(N2:vIW(r]/[XupYo%$7^Qfo+hwy b "\*jn7N gx+]Bm+s[j9VPg/vw|u>$/a}:i)&b2#4+'{3O$=n#laK5qn9` 0*^0*I6DlBy 2019 Aug;21(4):853-878. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0816-4. Michaleff ZA, Costa LO, Moseley AM, Maher CG, Elkins MR, Herbert RD, Sherrington C. CENTRAL, PEDro, PubMed, and EMBASE are the most comprehensive databases indexing randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions. In general, we use the first 200 references as sorted in the relevance ranking of Google Scholar. Librarian co-authors correlated with higher quality reported search strategies in general internal medicine systematic reviews. An official website of the United States government. Syst Rev 6, 245 (2017). Our study shows that, to reach maximum recall, searches in systematic reviews ought to include a combination of databases. Subject-specific databases like PsycINFO only added unique references to a small percentage of systematic reviews when they had been used for the search. Careers. On this page you will learn how to limit your results in CINAHL to: Video: CINAHL Quick Guide at Walden Library (YouTube), (2 min 24 sec) Recorded April 2020 Article P?p~p[pL A^!!.zIzTVw8fIrHtbyzb,FKp*^rU BL@BXFHZY+Ifn_R]4CrVt@Z93Pv}Nm,a`YMv'PN` 7"t YsaQ>+dpZhS++pRBb*0n%D,A\G-;rXHD6JK7%ME9,|<9 2011. Hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple options. PubMed Central Once optimal recall is achieved, macros are used to translate the search syntaxes between databases, though manual adaptation of the thesaurus terms is still necessary. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. However, whether an article is present in a database may not translate to being found by a search in that database. For 55 reviews, we determined the domain. 2016;87:713. Those databases that contributed the most unique included references were then considered candidate databases to determine the most optimal combination of databases in the further analyses. This search was used in earlier research [21]. Stevinson C, Lawlor DA. }UCby^4(-\SHU1B CPn(ULF{fUUog].[>~si|F] mykK+NGz Abbreviations: EM Embase, ML MEDLINE, WoS Web of Science, GS Google Scholar. Whether a reference is available in a database is important, but whether the article can be found in a precise search with reasonable recall is not only impacted by the databases coverage. The X-axis represents the percentage of reviews for which a specific combination of databases, as shown on the y-axis, reached a certain recall (represented with bar colors). Limitations of electronic databases Databases may not contain the most recent references Search results from bibliographic databases depend on the search strategy used and the quality of the indexing. Although we searched PubMed as supplied by publisher separately from MEDLINE in Ovid, we combined the included references of these databases into one measurement in our analysis. The searcher in the case of all 58 systematic reviews is an experienced biomedical information specialist. <> j 'o We use cookies to improve your website experience. iOm3w]9`V>@X(xF$u,mA5US{^2w" `15p3SCzSM2w+! Within systematic reviews, when searching for relevant references, it is advisable to use multiple databases. For this study, we searched to achieve as high a recall as possible, though our search strategies, like any other search strategy, still missed some relevant references because relevant terms had not been used in the search. Journal coverage, which spans from the 1800s to present, includes international material selected from around 2,400 periodicals in dozens of languages. Whether Embase and Web of Science can be replaced by Scopus remains uncertain. Searching Google Scholar is challenging as it lacks basic functionality of traditional bibliographic databases, such as truncation (word stemming), proximity operators, the use of parentheses, and a search history. The Cochrane Handbook, for example, recommends the use of at least MEDLINE and Cochrane Central and, when available, Embase for identifying reports of randomized controlled trials [7]. Over a third of the reviews were therapeutic, while slightly under a quarter answered an etiological question. Some of the remaining reviews explored patient experience of conditions including heart failure, diabetes, respiratory tract infections while others investigated patient experience of healthcare interventions such as anti-depressants, occupational therapy or palliative care. Of the combinations of two databases, Embase and MEDLINE had the best results (92.8%). MEDLINE is an index of the biomedical journal literature produced by the National Library of Medicine. What is lost when searching only one literature database for articles relevant to injury prevention and safety promotion? Of the individual databases, Embase had the highest overall recall (85.9%). However, searching databases is laborious and time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific. Many articles written on this topic have calculated overall recall of several reviews, instead of the effects on all individual reviews. Cite this article. We estimate more than 50% of reviews that include more study types than RCTs would miss more than 5% of included references if only traditional combination of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTAL is searched. A pragmatic evaluation of a new method for librarian-mediated literature searches for systematic reviews. Halladay et al. Using the results in this research, review teams can decide, based on their idea of acceptable recall and the desired probability which databases to include in their searches. J Immigr Minor Health. ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source provides abstracting and indexing for more than 1,050 titles, with over 875 titles in full-text, plus more than 12,300 full text dissertations representing the most rigorous scholarship in nursing and related fields. This implies that 17% of the reviews in the PubMed sample would have achieved an acceptable recall of 95%. We found that two databases previously not recommended as essential for systematic review searching, Web of Science and Google Scholar, were key to improving recall in the reviews we investigated. Based on these, we determined the percentage of reviews where that database combination had achieved 100% recall, more than 95%, more than 90%, and more than 80%. Scroll down the page below the search boxes to locate these filters or limiters. 2006 Jul;59(7):710-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.09.013. The complete results from all databases used for each of the systematic reviews were imported into a unique EndNote library upon search completion and saved without deduplication for this research. This shows that many database searches missed relevant references. Perfect for researchers at all levels, this comprehensive consumer health resource provides authoritative information on the full range of health-related issues, from current disease and disorder information to in-depth coverage of alternative medical practices. Inj Prev. WB drafted the first manuscript, which was revised critically by the other authors. It is likely that topical differences in systematic reviews may impact whether databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar add value to the review. endobj The five options are: To get the most results, select all three sub-divisions: High Sensitivity, High Specificity, and Best Balance. Percentage of systematic reviews for which a certain database combination reached a certain recall. 2016;5:39. Though we suspect that searchers who are not information specialists or librarians would have a higher possibility of less well-constructed searches and searches with lower recall, even highly trained searchers differ in their approaches to searching. Comput Biomed Res. In this case, the number of hits from Google Scholar was limited to 100. Subject-specific databases such as CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus only retrieved additional included references when the topic of the review was directly related to their special content, respectively nursing, psychiatry, and sports medicine. CINAHL Complete contains full text for many of the most used journals found in the CINAHL index. The higher recall from adding extra databases came at a cost in number needed to read (NNR). Once you have set up your search, here is how you can limit your results to only systematic reviews in CINAHL: Randomized controlled trials are the studies commonly used to support systematic reviews and are a high level of evidence. MeSH Beckles Z, Glover S, Ashe J, Stockton S, Boynton J, Lai R, Alderson P. Searching CINAHL did not add value to clinical questions posed in NICE guidelines. For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. Moreover, in combinations where the number of results was greatly reduced, the recall of included references was lower. The full list of the 81 unique titles in BNI when compared with any version of CINAHL and their country of publication are reproduced in Appendix S1. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. We calculated the recall for individual databases and databases in all possible combination for all reviews included in the research. l1FcqL@Bk>>T Wright K, Golder S, Lewis-Light K. What value is the CINAHL database when searching for systematic reviews of qualitative studies? Since these studies have a long-term component, they promote abetter quality of evidence than a shorter study. CAUTION Do not use Linked Full Text Limit. J Clin Epidemiol. We calculated the ratio between the number of results found when searching all databases, including databases not included in our analyses, such as Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, and the number of results found searching a selection of databases. A secondary aim is to investigate the current practice of databases searched for published reviews. The CINAHL Plus with Full Text database is an unfiltered database containing over 750 nursing and allied health related journals, and indexes another 5,000. "One database may be insufficient to provide evidence" The reason is based on a detail with great impact: the indexing of articles differs between the both databases, thus, sometimes leading to different results of a given search strategy. Finding resources: MEDLINE. In general, searches are developed in MEDLINE in Ovid (Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily and Ovid MEDLINE, from 1946); Embase.com (searching both Embase and MEDLINE records, with full coverage including Embase Classic); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via the Wiley Interface; Web of Science Core Collection (hereafter called Web of Science); PubMed restricting to records in the subset as supplied by publisher to find references that not yet indexed in MEDLINE (using the syntax publisher [sb]); and Google Scholar. That is with the generous assumption that the searches in those databases had been designed sensitively enough. Documentaries on the full spectrum of diseases and disorders; titles on human anatomy and physiology; investigations into public health issues; programming on nutrition and wellness; instructional films on health care and treatment; primers on. Ignoring one or more of the databases that we identified as the four key databases will result in more precise searches with a lower number of results, but the researchers should decide whether that is worth the >increased probability of losing relevant references. WB designed the searches used in this study and gathered the data. Library users and staff use WorldCat Discovery to search the WorldCat database of electronic, digital and physical resources; to identify materials they need and to find out where they are available. Systematic Reviews For the individual databases and combinations that were used in those reviews, we multiplied the frequency of occurrence in that set of 200 with the probability that the database or combination would lead to an acceptable recall (which we defined at 95%) that we had measured in our own data. Lemeshow AR, Blum RE, Berlin JA, Stoto MA, Colditz GA. Searching one or two databases was insufficient for meta-analysis of observational studies. PubMed Central Transcript. PubMed is a much larger database than CINAHL, but CINAHL emphasizes nursing and the allied health disciplines. In short, the method consists of an efficient way to combine thesaurus terms and title/abstract terms into a single line search strategy. 2005;93:7480. Walden Departments, Centers, and Resources, Once you are in the database, use the search boxes to enter your keywords. Click in the check box below Evidence-Based Practice to select this option. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. It offers job search and workplace skills improvement, skill building in reading, writing, math, and basic science, career certification and licensure exam prep, college and grad school entrance test prep, GED test prep, and more. BMC Med Res Methodol. statement and The generous assumption that the searches in those databases had been used for the search results in EndNote we..., Thombs BD, book chapters, dissertations, and professionals in healthcare and news media not searched databases. In the check box below evidence-based practice to select multiple options a single line search results!, whether an article is present in a database may not be generalizable to other for! The other authors from other databases was low, we determined from which database these references came ~si|F! For the search results in EndNote, we use cookies to improve your website experience multiple databases record... 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disadvantages of cinahl database